Porównanie metod pomiaru sytuacji finansowej gospodarstw domowych w krajach V4
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15611/pn.2026.2.08Słowa kluczowe:
sytuacja finansowa gospodarstw domowych, dobrostan ekonomiczny, Grupa Wyszehradzka, V4, porównania międzynarodoweAbstrakt
Cel: Artykuł bada, jak instytucje publiczne w krajach V4 definiują i mierzą sytuację finansową gospodarstw domowych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wskaźników subiektywnych. Analiza odpowiada na dwa pytania badawcze: (i) jak sytuacja finansowa jest konceptualizowana i mierzona przez instytucje publiczne w V4 oraz (ii) w jakim stopniu podejścia te różnią się, zwłaszcza pod względem stosowania wskaźników subiektywnych.
Metodyka: Porównano dokumenty krajowych urzędów statystycznych i banków centralnych, w tym kwestionariusze ankietowe, notatki metodologiczne i raporty statystyczne. Analizowano terminologię, rodzaje wskaźników oraz uwzględnienie miar subiektywnych, uzupełniając dane wytycznymi OECD dotyczącymi dobrostanu finansowego.
Wyniki: Pomimo udziału w międzynarodowych inicjatywach, kraje V4 wykazują znaczne zróżnicowanie w definicjach i metodach pomiaru. Wskaźniki obiektywne dominują we wszystkich krajach, podczas gdy Polska jest jedynym przypadkiem, w którym wskaźniki subiektywne są systematycznie stosowane w oficjalnych narzędziach monitorowania. Rozbieżności wynikają z krajowego dostosowania standardów międzynarodowych i utrudniają porównywanie dobrostanu finansowego między państwami.
Implikacje i rekomendacje: Brak spójności metodologicznej osłabia porównywalność wskaźników. Szersze włączenie wskaźników subiektywnych i harmonizacja praktyk mogą poprawić interpretowalność i dokładność ocen międzynarodowych.
Oryginalność/wartość: Artykuł prezentuje porównawczą analizę operacjonalizacji sytuacji finansowej gospodarstw domowych w V4, podkreślając różnice w definicjach, doborze wskaźników i stosowaniu danych subiektywnych, przyczyniając się do debaty nad harmonizacją metod i rolą wskaźników subiektywnych w statystyce oficjalnej.
Pobrania
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Prawa autorskie (c) 2026 Aleksandra Ryczko, Jakub Kubiczek, Julianna Koczy, Jakub Szewc
Utwór dostępny jest na licencji Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa – Na tych samych warunkach 4.0 Miedzynarodowe.
Accepted 2026-06-14
Published 2026-07-29
